And it has been widely recognized and widely used in clinical and scientific research. Consequently, it exhibits heightened sensitivity and specificity in detecting cognitive impairment, particularly mild cognitive impairment. In comparison to the MMSE, MoCA incorporates additional tasks to assess visuospatial abilities, as well as specific evaluations of frontal/executive function and attention. Subsequently, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) emerged as a viable alternative, a widely utilized international neuropsychological screening tool, proficient in evaluating a subject’s global cognitive function. Nevertheless, owing to the absence of executive function assessment, the MMSE demonstrates limited sensitivity in identifying mild cognitive impairment. Historically, the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) served as the widely adopted assessment tool. The early detection and identification of cognitive decline necessitates a straightforward, easily comprehensible, and highly diagnostic tool. These strategies hold the potential to impact long-term outcomes. Owing to the absence of effective treatments for advanced dementia, the significance of early diagnosis and intervention during the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage has gained widespread recognition as a pivotal approach in disease management. For cognitive disorders, early identification is of paramount importance to maximize the effectiveness of interventions, which may include counseling, psychoeducation, cognitive training, and medication. In 2018 alone, approximately 50 million individuals worldwide were affected by this condition, with projections estimating that the number will triple by 2050, leading to a staggering economic loss of nearly $4 trillion. Age-related cognitive impairment represents a significant public health and social challenge in the contemporary era.
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